l carnitine fishy body odor trimethylamine side effect Comparison of short-term and long-term effects of peroral L-carnitine intake: clinical implications of elevated TMAO levels in cardiovascular complications Can L-Carnitine Cause Side Effects?

Maltodextrinis less sweet than glucose, has a higher absorption rate, and its main benefit is that even if you consume many energy gels, it won't cause digestive issues

[3] Huang, A., & Owen, K

Acetyl-L-carnitine also had fewer side effects than the medication

METH addiction was assessed in mice using the CPP assay, and it was demonstrated that knockdown of circHomer1 could alleviate METH addiction by suppressing the expression of Bbc3, thereby attenuating METH-induced nerve damage (Li et al., 2019)

Important: If you are sensitive to caffeine or already consume other caffeine sources (coffee, energy drinks), adjust your intake according to your daily tolerance

the other received saline only as a control