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The Pernicious Anaemia Society notes this is well recognised but not fully understood

Pernicious anemia symptoms: Symptoms of B12 deficiency can include:[ref] fatigue, paleness, shortness of breath (anemia symptoms) headaches, dizziness tingling in the extremities trouble walking or uncontrollable muscle movements cognitive issues, brain fog depression or irritability intestinal issues glossitis Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is found in animal proteins such as meat and eggs and in supplement forms

Easy measuring: At 12.5 mg/mL, 1 unit = 0.01 mL = 0.125 mg (125 mcg) on a U-100 insulin syringe

How much vitamin B12 do we need

Saturable absorption and/or elimination processes may occur at greater doses

People can become deficient when they are not eating enough vitamin B12 rich foods, or their bodies may struggle with absorbing the vitamin