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and maintained at 37C with a 5% CO 2 atmosphere in all experiments

doi: 10.3390/biomedicines11112925 49 ChatterjeeS

Nrf2 mediates redox adaptations to exercise

Claudins, particularly Claudin-5, are critical components of intercellular TJs and play a significant role in regulating the integrity and permeability of the BBB [96]

Additionally, PEGs have been associated with immune responses, including complement activation and the formation of anti-PEG antibodies in certain contexts 179,180

Therefore, rigorous control, and transparent reporting of media compositions are essential (Newsom et al., 2025
